Every December, Christmas markets take over the streets of Europe’s main cities, filling them with lights, garlands, carols, and the aroma of roasted chestnuts. They are cultural, touristic, and social spaces that attract large crowds. However, following recent attacks – such as the one in Magdeburg – security requirements have become much stricter, putting the viability of many of these traditional fairs in Germany at risk.

As a Private Security Director, I believe the challenges are real and urgent — not only for Germany but for any country hosting large public events. More barriers, street closures, additional security personnel and equipment, as well as the implementation of specific protocols (vehicle inspections, access control, video surveillance, etc.), can make many smaller markets financially unsustainable.

The truth is that without a proper Security Plan, public or private entities organizing these fairs could be held responsible if adequate measures are not applied. A security failure could result, at the very least, in lawsuits, compensation claims, or administrative sanctions. Therefore, organizers must work with true experts, develop detailed and compliant security plans, and ensure coordination with municipal authorities, law enforcement, civil protection, and emergency services. Access zones, evacuation routes, and incident response protocols must all be clearly defined.

The tradition of Christmas markets is an important part of Europe’s cultural fabric. Yet we live in times when security risk — terrorism, vehicle attacks, and other threats — can no longer be ignored.